@SuperLutheran i have a question. first, thank you for your elucidation. this is helpful where it was before unclear, is a good reminder for those parts that were yet understood. my question is concerning this part: >Who is the most pure in heart? One who never sins - and never even thinks to do so. if Christ was tempted in the desert during his 40 days and 40 nights therein, did he not therefore think to do so? for myself, temptation doesn't occur without thought or consideration toward that end.